The relevance of the article is: consideration and conceptual analysis of some culturally significant words and expressions from the "Memories" of S. Aini in translation into Russian, determination of the degree of their significance for identifying the characteristics of the life of a certain society, as well as issues related to the transfer of these units into another language. It has been established that the semantics of the considered lexical units with characteristic features determined by national customs and way of life reflects the historical and cultural experience of the Tajik people. Translator A.Z. Rosenfeld, being familiar with the local language and the life realities of the region, was able to achieve an adequate and meaningful transmission of the author’s thoughts in accordance with the cognitive level of the recipients in various ways. Some psychological traits and qualities have been identified, developed by life and sometimes having a polar character due to the influence of religion, manifested in the sacralization of a number of life attitudes and other social factors by conducting a value-semantic interpretation of words, phraseological units and idioms, the translation of which often creates difficulties due to cultural differences and, accordingly, cultural conceptualization. The indirect-derivative nomination of a number of idioms, dating back to the corresponding proverbs and beliefs, is noted, which allows one to become more closely acquainted with the historical, cultural, religious, social and other characteristics of the Tajik people in a certain cultural era. It is also stated that some words and expressions in S. Aini’s “Memories” are connected with a certain event, some of them arose as a result of established traditions and the way of social life or came from folklore.
“Memories”, language, culture, translation adequacy, phraseological unit, conceptual feature, syntactic transformation, indirect-derivative nomination
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