The article examines information from Aburaykhon Biruni about one of the most ancient and especially revered holidays by the ancestors of the Tajik people - Tirgon, which was celebrated in the month of Tir (Tirmoh). The following are revealed: the meaning of the name of the holiday, the reasons for its appearance, the time and dates of its celebration are indicated. Based on Biruni's information, the reasons for the emergence of the custom of sprinkling and pouring water, known as "Obrezagon" or "Obposhon", and other rituals and traditions associated with Tirgon were determined. The entire spectrum of Biruni's information about Tirgon is focused primarily on the famous legend of the war between Manuchihr and Afrasiyab, about their achievement of peace and the determination of borders with the help of Arash the archer. Biruni's information about the appearance of Tirgon due to the union of "dahufasia" (rule), "dihqanatu" (farming) and scribes is also studied. It is emphasized that, according to Biruni, the star Tir (Avestan Tishtr) is also the patroness of scribes. It is indicated that Biruni's information about Tirgon is very diverse and in some places differs from similar information of other medieval authors. It is noted that information about Tirgon is contained in three works of Biruni: “Osor-ul-bokiya”, “Canon of Mas’ud” and “Kitob-ut-tafhim”, which were also subjected to comparative analysis to identify their meaning and uniqueness.
Aburayhon Beruni,Tirgon holidays, Tirmoh, Tishtr, Orash the Archer, obrezagon, dahufaziya
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