Under the titles of «penetrated science» (ulumi dakhila)‚ «foreign science» (ulumi begona) «ajam science» (ulumi ajami) «non-Arabic sciences» (ulumi ghayriarab) knowledgeable people imply a collection of scienes which gained diffusion in different regions of the Moslemic world in the epoch of rising Islam. Due to the activities of interpreters‚ support and patronage of Chalifs and vazirs diffusion of the sciences in question effectuated over the institutions of scientific centres and madrases‚ big hospitals and observatories in particular.
The interpretation of the first book`s paragons dealing with «foreign sciences» fell the second Half of the I-st hijra century; translation of pekhlavi works started in the 40-ies – the 50-ies of the VIII-th century. The most important pre-Islamic works of heritage of Aryans and other developed nations were translated into the Islamic Prophet language in the following 150 years.
The author makes an endeavour to elicit and analyze the degree of Greek and Syrian‚ Persian and Indian influence over the Arabic civilization.
Moslemic civilization‚ «foreign sciences»‚ Abbasides‚ «Al-Fekhrist» by Ibn Nadim‚ Greek philosophy‚ pre-Islamic pekhlavi heritage
1. Abdulkhmid‚ Nayeir Nuri. Worthy Contribution of Iran in Regard to World Culture. - Tehran‚ 1337 hijra. V.2. - 1031 pp.
2. Aliakbar Dekhudo. Interpretation Dictionary. -Tehran, 1377. The second edition. (CD) format
3. Aliasghari Khalabi. The History of Civilization in Islam. (some Explorations Concerned with Islamic culture and Rational Sciences). - Tehran‚ Asotir‚ 1382 hijra. – 552 pp.
4. Gutos‚ Dmitry. Greek Thinking‚ Arabic Culture. Movement of Greek Books Translation into Arabic in Bagdad and the Beginning Society of Abbosids. / Translated by Mukhammadsaid Khinoii Koshoni. - Tehran: Printing-house of Tehran University,1374 hijra.
5. Dulas Avleri. Diffusion of Greek Sciences in Islamic World. / Translated by Ahmad Orom. - Tehran: Printing-house of Tehran University, 1374 hijra.
6. Zaydon‚ Jurji. The History of Islam Civilization. / Translated by Ali Javohirkalom. - Tehran: Amir akbar‚ 1372 hijra.
7. Zohidov N. Arabic Literature Written in Persian and Tajik Language since Arabic Invasion up to Somonid Dynasty. - Khujand: State publishing house named after Rahim Jalil,1999.
8. Ibni Nadim. Al-Fekhrast. / Translated by Rizo Tajaddud. - Tehran‚ 1393/1973 hijra.
9. Inostrantsev K.A. Sasanid`s Etudes. – Spb. 1909. 140 pp.
10. Mukhammad Mukhammadi. History and Culture of Iran in the Epoch of Transition since Sosonid`s Century up to Islamic One. V.4. – Tehran: Tus‚ 1380 hijra.
11. Safo‚ Zabekhulloh‚ Compositions of Epos in Iran. - Tehran: Amir Akbar‚ 1366 hijra.
12. Salimov N. Origination and Establishment of Genre Prose in the Tajik and Persian Literature ( IX-th – XIII-th centuries). – Khujand: Light of Enlightenment, 2002.
13. Hasan Puriyo. Ancient Iran. - Tehran‚ 1310 hijra. – pp. 120-121.