THE SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF THE NOUN IN SHUGHNI, TAJIK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

This article examines the syntactic functions of the noun in Shughni, Tajik, and English through a comparative analysis. The study aims to identify common and specific features of noun functioning within sentence structures, taking into account the typological differences between the languages under comparison. Particular attention is paid to the realization of the noun in the functions of subject, object, nominal part of a compound predicate, modifier, and adverbial. In all three languages, the noun serves as a crucial component of the sentence's predicative structure; however, its syntactic realization is determined by the specific morphological structure and word order of each language. The study identifies both universal patterns governing the functioning of the noun and specific features characteristic of each linguistic system—including peculiarities of agreement, the marking of object relations, the operation of attributive constructions, and the expression of adverbial meanings. The analysis makes it possible to clearly compare the universal syntactic properties of the noun with its unique structural-morphological manifestations in each of the languages under investigation.