The author of the article dwells on the problem of preservation of ancient words and word-combinations in alive folk language as treated by Aini; concurrently, the issue of acquisition of new meanings in folk speech by such lexical elements being touched upon as well.
While analyzing Aini’s considerations the author comes to the conclusion that the outstanding Tajik writer and scholar lays a special emphasis on the scantily studied inexhaustible treasury of the living Tajik language which has preserved unique and rare words and word-combinations non-occurred in modern Persian spoken in Iran and in the Dari language of Afghanistan. Into the bargain, it is underscored that S. Aini as an experienced lexicographer paid special attention to the preserved forms of ancient meanings and lexemes and an acquisition of new forms and lexemes by these words and by the group of borrowed vocabulary.
the basic stock of language words, evolution of primordial Tajik words, borrowed words, polysemanticity, additional meaning, alive language
1. Aini S. Interpretation Dictionary of the Tajik Literary Language // Compositions. V. 12. – Dushanbe: Cognition, 1976. – 563 pp. All the examples are taken from this edition further on.
2. Darvesh B. “Torch-Bearer of Edification” by Orzu and Tajik-Persian Language. –Dushanbe: Knowledge, 1992. – 104 pp.
3. Dekhudo A. Dictionary. V. 8. – Tehran. 1373 hijra. -pp. 10827 - 12378.
4. Kosimova M. N. On some Words and Word-Combinations in the Works by Djaloliddin Rumi // The Tasks of Linguistic Units in the Process of Discource. –Dushanbe, 1996. – pp. 106 - 110.
5. Kosimi M. Certain Peculiarities of Lexemes in the Tajik Language // The Works of Scientific-Research Institute (collection of articles). –Dushanbe, 2001, №1. – pp. 20 - 41
6. Maksudov T. Lexics and Phraseology of the Dialects Appertaining to the Tajiks Inhabiting Isfara Area. – Dushanbe: Cognition, 1977. - 164 pp.
7. Mirzoyev A. Semantic Distinctions of – ak Suffix // For Socialists Literature. 1936, №10-11. – pp. 4 - 7
8. Salimov Yu. Narrative Persian-Tajik Prose. –Dushanbe: Knowledge. 1971. – 156 pp.
9. Interpretation Dictionary of the Tajik Language. – M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969. V. 1. – 951 pp.; V.2 – 949 pp.
10. Khonlari P. N. Historical Grammar of the Persian Language. The first edition. – Tehran, 1372 hijra.
11. Khalimov S. Sadriddin Aini and some Issues Related to the Development of Modern Tajik Literary Language. – Dushanbe: Cognition, 1974. – 135 pp.
12. Khasandust M. Etimology Dictionary of the Persian Language. V. 4. – Tehran: Edition of Monuments. 1393 hijra. – pp. 2081- 2955.
13. Djurayev H. The Place of Lexeme in Dialectal Basic Stock of Words // Structure and Usage of Tajik Language Units. – Dushanbe, 1999. – pp. 42 - 50.
14. Sharofiddini, Rustam. The State of the Samanids and the Tajik Literary Language. – Dushanbe, 1999. – 176 pp.
15. Shukurov M. Every Word Has its Own Place and every Locution Has its Own Time. – Dushanbe: Knowledge, 1985. – 366 pp.
16. Eshniyozov M. Tajik Dialectology. V. 1. – Dushanbe, 1977. – 112 pp.; V. 1. 1979. - 134 pp.; V. 3. 1986. - 96 pp.